OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY HEALTH AND WORK PLACE HAZARDS

Pang Xia^*

Department of Biotechnology, University of Essex, Essex, Yemen

*Corresponding Author:

Pang Xia
Department of Biotechnology,
University of Essex,
Essex,
Yemen
E-mail: pangxia23@gmail.com

Received: 27-Jun-2022, Manuscript No. ICP-22-59840; Editor assigned: 01-Jul-2022, PreQC No. ICP-22- 59840 (PQ); Reviewed: 15-Jul-2022, QC No. ICP-22-59840; Revised: 20-Jul-2022, Manuscript No. ICP-22- 59840 (A); Published: 29-Jul-2022 DOI: 10.4172/ 0970-2083.004

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Description

Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) is a multidisciplinary discipline concerned with the safety, health, and welfare of individuals at work. It is also known as Occupational Health and Safety (OHS), occupational health, or occupational safety. Because these phrases also allude to the field's aims, their use in the context of this article began as an acronym for occupational safety and health program, department and etc.

The goal of an occupational safety and health programme is to promote a safe and healthy workplace. OSH also protects members of the general public who may be affected by occupational hazards.

More than 2.78 million individuals die every fifteen seconds as a result of workplace-related accidents or diseases throughout the world. There is an extra 374 million non-fatal work-related injuries yearly. The annual economic cost of occupational-related injury and mortality is estimated to be almost 4% of worldwide GDP. This problem vastly increases cost in lives.

Employers in common-law jurisdictions have a common law obligation (sometimes known as a duty of care) to take reasonable care of their workers' safety. Other general obligations, specific duties, and government entities with authority to control occupational safety concerns may be imposed by statute law; the specifics differ from jurisdiction to jurisdiction.

"Occupational health deals with all elements of health and safety in the workplace and has a strong focus on primary prevention of risks," according to the World Health Organization (WHO). "A condition of total physical, mental, and social well-being, not only the absence of sickness or disability," according to the definition. Occupational health is a multidisciplinary discipline of medicine that focuses on allowing people to do their jobs in the least harmful way possible to their health. It is in line with the promotion of occupational health and safety, which is concerned with preventing injury from dangers.

Medicine, psychology, epidemiology, physiotherapy and rehabilitation, occupational therapy, occupational medicine, human factors and ergonomics, and many more disciplines and professions are represented in the subject of occupational health. Professionals can provide guidance on a wide range of occupational health issues. These include things like how to avoid certain pre-existing conditions from producing problems in the workplace, proper work posture, frequency of rest breaks, preventative action, and so on. The metrics that represent the amount of industrial injuries, the average number of days of incapacity for work per employer, employee contentment with their work circumstances, and employee incentive to work safely describe the quality of occupational safety.

The goal of occupational health should be to promote and maintain the maximum degree of physical, mental, and social well-being among employees in all occupations; and to prevent people from becoming ill as a result of their working environment, protecting workers in their employment from risks resulting from factors that are harmful to their health, placing and maintaining the worker in an occupational environment that is adapted to his physiological and psychological level of talent."

Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) experts should find their roots in evidence-based practise, given the strong demand in society for health and safety requirements at work based on accurate information. "Evidence-informed decision making" is a new word. Evidence-based practise may be defined as the application of evidence from literature and other evidence-based sources to provide advice and make decisions that benefit employees' health, safety, well-being, and capacity to work. As a result, evidence-based data must be combined with professional knowledge and the workers' values. Legislation, culture, economical, and technical possibilities must all be examined in the context of contextual variables. Ethical considerations must be taken.

Although labour have numerous economic and other advantages, a variety of workplace hazards (also known as dangerous working conditions) pose a threat to people's health and safety. Chemicals, biological agents, physical factors, unfavourable ergonomic conditions, allergens, a complex network of safety dangers, and a wide range of psychological risk factors are just a few of them. Many of these dangers can be mitigated using personal protective equipment. Long working hours are the occupational risk factor with the highest attributable burden of disease, according to a landmark study conducted by the World Health Organization and the International Labour Organization, with an estimated 745,000 fatalities from ischemic heart disease and stroke events in 2016.